@article {27116, title = {The importance of the seafood processing sector to coastal community resilience}, journal = {Marine Policy}, volume = {156}, year = {2023}, abstract = {

Coastal communities face a myriad of social, economic, and ecological facets that affect their well-being and resilience capacity. For those places dependent on commercial fishing, resilience includes the processing sector of the seafood industry. Yet, there is a dearth of knowledge and understanding of the contribution of the seafood processing workforce to coastal community resilience. This study incorporates secondary data and collects new data through semi-structured interviews. The first set of interviews were collected with sector workers and leaders, and with coastal community leaders, in two Oregon counties. To supplement this data, interviews were conducted with knowledgeable sector contacts in New England and Norway. All interviews were conducted to contextualize perceptions of the seafood processing sector and resiliency within coastal communities. Analyses revealed three overarching themes related to the importance of the product, the work and workforce, and the seafood processing sector to the community. Results and discussion elaborate on the symbiotic connections between policy, management, and socio-cultural dependence of seafood processing to coastal community resilience.

}, author = {Lori A Cramer and Jennifer Beaullieu and Jamie Doyle and Marta Maria Maldonado and Hillary Egna and Maria Johnson and Flaxen DL Conway} } @article {27356, title = {Mobilities and Ethnic Studies: A Roundtable Discussion}, journal = {Ethnic Studies Review}, volume = {46}, year = {2023}, pages = {128-154}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1525/esr.2023.46.3.128}, url = {https://online.ucpress.edu/esr/article/46/3/128/197699/Mobilities-and-Ethnic-StudiesA-Roundtable}, author = {Michelle Vasquez Ruiz and Nisha Toomey and Irit Katz and Sean Fraga and Genevieve Carpio and Laura Barraclough and Natchee Barnd} } @article {21821, title = {Mobilizing Indigeneity and Race Within and Against Settler Colonialism}, journal = {Mobilities}, volume = {17}, year = {2022}, month = {01/2022}, pages = {1-17}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2021.2004078}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rmob20}, author = {Genevieve Carpio and Natchee Barnd and Laura Barraclough} } @article {22381, title = {Affectionate communication and health: A meta-analysis}, journal = {Communication Monographs}, volume = {88}, year = {2021}, pages = {194-218}, author = {Colin Hesse and Kory Floyd and Steve Rains and Alan Mikkelson and Perry Pauley and Nate Woo and Benjamin Custer and Kaylin Duncan} } @article {26206, title = {Song of the Salmon}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Oregon State University}, url = {https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-_QmbK95Mk}, author = {Whitebear, Luhui and Cespedes, Daniel} } @inbook {21236, title = {Gendered Spectacle: The Liberated Gaze in the DEFA Film Der Strass}, booktitle = {Gender and Sexuality in East German Film}, year = {2018}, pages = {249-268}, publisher = {Boydell \& Brewer}, organization = {Boydell \& Brewer}, author = {Jennifer Creech and Sebastian Heiduschke} } @inbook {27131, title = {Understanding the Working in Working Waterfronts: The Hidden Faces of the Industries That Make up the Working Waterfront}, booktitle = {Coastal Heritage and Cultural Resilience}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

Working waterfront industries are reliant upon water access and encompass everything from wild harvest and cultured seafood to towboats, shipping, and marine research. Many of the industries along Oregon{\textquoteright}s working waterfronts are inaccessible to the public or hard to see, even though they play critical social and economic roles in the local community. Working waterfront industries thrive when there is local understanding of, and support for, the work and the people doing this work. This chapter explores the connection between working waterfront industries and coastal community resilience and vitality using examples of infrastructure, family and gender, education, and changing demographics.

}, author = {Jamie Doyle and Bradley Boovy and Marta Maria Maldonado and Flaxen D.L. Conway} } @article {15176, title = {Reconceptualizing the role of conformity behaviors in family communication patterns theory}, journal = {Journal of Family Communication}, volume = {17}, year = {2017}, chapter = {319-337}, author = {Hesse, C. and Rauscher, E. A. and Budesky Goodman, R. and Couvrette, M. A.} } @article {2966, title = {"Fracking" controversy and communication: Using national survey data to understand public perceptions of hydraulic fracturing}, journal = {JEPO Energy Policy}, volume = {65}, year = {2014}, month = {2014///}, pages = {57 - 67}, abstract = {

The recent push to develop unconventional sources of oil and gas both in the U.S. and abroad via hydraulic fracturing ({\textquotedblleft}fracking{\textquotedblright}) has generated a great deal of controversy. Effectively engaging stakeholders and setting appropriate policies requires insights into current public perceptions of this issue. Using a nationally representative U.S. sample (N=1061), we examine public perceptions of hydraulic fracturing including: {\textquotedblleft}top of mind{\textquotedblright} associations; familiarity with the issue; levels of support/opposition; and predictors of such judgments. Similar to findings on other emerging technologies, our results suggest limited familiarity with the process and its potential impacts and considerable uncertainty about whether to support it. Multiple regression analysis (r

}, isbn = {0301-4215}, author = {Hilary Boudet and Clarke, Christopher and Bugden, Dylan and Maibach, Edward and Roser-Renouf, Connie and Leiserowitz, Anthony} } @article {2954, title = {Patterns and Correlates of Adult American Indian Substance Use}, journal = {Journal of Drug Issues Journal of Drug Issues}, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, month = {2013///}, pages = {497 - 516}, isbn = {0022-0426}, author = {Scott Akins and Lanfear, C. and Cline, S. and Mosher, C.} } @inbook {1503, title = {White Man{\textquoteright}s Best Friend: Race and Privilege in Oliver and Company}, booktitle = {Diversity in Disney Films: Critical Essays on Race, Ethnicity, Gender, Sexuality and Disability}, year = {2013}, month = {2013///}, abstract = {

"This essay collection gathers recent scholarship on representations of diversity in Disney and Disney/Pixar films, exploring not only race and gender, but also newer areas of study. Covering a wide array of films this compendium highlights the social impact of the entertainment giant and reveals its cultural significance in shaping our global citizenry"--Provided by publisher.

}, keywords = {disney, diversity, film, race}, isbn = {9780786446018 0786446013}, author = {Natchee Barnd}, editor = {Cheu, Johnson} } @article {2369, title = {Estudio ling{\"u}{\'\i}stico comparativo entre el siciliano y el espa{\~n}ol}, journal = {Ling{\"u}{\'\i}stica y literatura}, volume = {25}, year = {2012}, chapter = {249}, author = {Nunez, Eva and Raven Chakerian} } @proceedings {2987, title = {A Framework for the Preliminary Assessment of Vulnerability of Fishing-Dependent Communities}, year = {2012}, address = {Anchorage, AK.}, author = {Flaxen D. L. Conway and R. Hunter Berns} } @article {2994, title = {The way forward with ecosystem-based management in tropical contexts: Reconciling with existing management systems}, journal = {Marine Policy}, volume = {36}, year = {2012}, month = {2012}, pages = {1 - 10}, abstract = {

This paper discusses some of the challenges and opportunities that can arise when implementing ecosystem-based management (EBM) in tropical nations. EBM creates a new series of challenges, problems, and opportunities that must be considered in light of existing governance and management frameworks in a local context. The paper presents five case studies from different parts of the tropical world, including Oceania, insular and continental Southeast Asia, East Africa, and the Caribbean, which illustrate that the implementation of EBM in watershed and marine ecosystems offers a new series of challenges and opportunities for its inclusion with existing forms of environmental governance and management. The paper suggests that EBM is best thought of as an expansion of customary management (CM) and integrated coastal management (ICM), rather than a paradigm shift, and that it has certain benefits that are worth integrating into existing systems when possible. The paper concludes that the cultural and institutional context of CM as well as the experience, technical skills, and legal basis that serve ICM programs are logical platforms from which to build EBM programs. Some guidelines for creating hybrid management regimes are suggested. In sum, declining marine species and ecosystems require urgent action, necessitating utilization of existing paradigms such as ICM and CM as a foundation for building EBM.

}, isbn = {0308-597X}, author = {Lori A Cramer and Aswani, S. and Christie, P. and Muthiga, N.A. and Mahon, R. and Primavera, J.H. and Barbier, E.B. and Granek, E.F. and Kennedy, C.J. and Wolanski, E. and Hacker, S.} } @article {2988, title = {Beyond {\textquoteleft}Stressor-Receptor{\textquoteright} Interactions: Environmental Effects of Ocean Energy Through a Societal Lens}, journal = {The Proceedings of Institute of Electrical \& Electronics Engineers}, year = {2011}, author = {Flaxen D. L. Conway and Henkel, S and G. Boehlert} } @book {4546, title = {Developing Intercultural Competence through the Learning Community Model}, year = {2010}, month = {2010///}, publisher = {Center for Educational Resources in Culture, Language and Literacy (CERCCL). P.O. Box 210073, CCIT Room 337, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85722. Tel: 520-626-8071; Fax: 520-626-3313; e-mail: cerccl@email.arizona.edu; Web site: http://cercll.arizona.e}, organization = {Center for Educational Resources in Culture, Language and Literacy (CERCCL). P.O. Box 210073, CCIT Room 337, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85722. Tel: 520-626-8071; Fax: 520-626-3313; e-mail: cerccl@email.arizona.edu; Web site: http://cercll.arizona.e}, abstract = {

Learning Communities (LC) represent an alternative model of teaching and learning in higher education that can foster intercultural competence and knowledge. "Some of the distinctive features of LCs are that they are usually smaller than most units on campus, they help overcome the isolation of faculty members from one another and their students, they encourage continuity and integration in the curriculum and they help build a sense of group identity, cohesion and "specialness"" (O{\textquoteright}Connor 2003). Having integrated a Spanish language LC at our institution we found this model to produce positive academic and affective outcomes. This model engages disaffected second language (L2) learners, helps keep first- and second-year students in school, and helps Latino students feel supported (Trujillo 2009). This paper focuses on how this model additionally helps to develop intercultural competence by describing the implementation of assignments and the interethnic and intraethnic interactions in the course. (Contains 1 footnote.) [This paper was published in: Proceedings of Intercultural Competence Conference August, 2010, Vol. 1, pp. 335-357.]

}, author = {Susana Rivera-Mills and Center for Educational Resources in Culture, Language and Literacy (CERCLL)} } @article {2995, title = {Ecosystem services as a common language for coastal ecosystem-based management.}, journal = {Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology}, volume = {24}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, pages = {207 - 16}, abstract = {

Ecosystem-based management is logistically and politically challenging because ecosystems are inherently complex and management decisions affect a multitude of groups. Coastal ecosystems, which lie at the interface between marine and terrestrial ecosystems and provide an array of ecosystem services to different groups, aptly illustrate these challenges. Successful ecosystem-based management of coastal ecosystems requires incorporating scientific information and the knowledge and views of interested parties into the decision-making process. Estimating the provision of ecosystem services under alternative management schemes offers a systematic way to incorporate biogeophysical and socioeconomic information and the views of individuals and groups in the policy and management process. Employing ecosystem services as a common language to improve the process of ecosystem-based management presents both benefits and difficulties. Benefits include a transparent method for assessing trade-offs associated with management alternatives, a common set of facts and common currency on which to base negotiations, and improved communication among groups with competing interests or differing worldviews. Yet challenges to this approach remain, including predicting how human interventions will affect ecosystems, how such changes will affect the provision of ecosystem services, and how changes in service provision will affect the welfare of different groups in society. In a case study from Puget Sound, Washington, we illustrate the potential of applying ecosystem services as a common language for ecosystem-based management.

}, isbn = {0888-8892}, author = {Lori A Cramer and Granek EF and Polasky S and Kappel CV and Reed DJ and Stoms DM and Koch EW and Kennedy CJ and Hacker SD and Barbier EB and Aswani S and Ruckelshaus M and Perillo GM and Silliman BR and Muthiga N and Bael D and Wolanski E} } @book {2984, title = {Long form fishing community profile.}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, publisher = {Oregon State University, Oregon Sea Grant}, organization = {Oregon State University, Oregon Sea Grant}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, author = {Flaxen D. L. Conway and Package, Christina} } @article {2986, title = {Ocean Space, Ocean Place: The Human Dimensions of Wave Energy in Oregon}, journal = {Oceanog. Oceanography}, volume = {23}, year = {2010}, month = {2010}, pages = {82 - 91}, isbn = {1042-8275}, author = {Flaxen D. L. Conway and Stevenson, John and Hunter, Daniel and Stefanovich, Maria and Campbell, Holly and Covell, Zack and Yin, Yao} } @book {2983, title = {Adding value to ocean- and fisheries-related research through integrating the knowledge and expertise of the West Coast fishing community : the final evaluation of the Port Liason Project}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, publisher = {Oregon Sea Grant}, organization = {Oregon Sea Grant}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, author = {Flaxen D. L. Conway and Hildenbrand, Kaety} } @article {2985, title = {Figuring Out the Human Dimensions of Fisheries: Illuminating Models}, journal = {fidm Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, pages = {300 - 314}, abstract = {

Both natural scientists and economists commonly use quantitative data to create models of the systems that interest them and then use these models to inform fisheries management. Other social scientists rely on lengthier, descriptive texts based primarily on qualitative data to assess the human dimensions. To their dismay, fisheries social scientists find that much of their rich narrative with keen insights ends up filling pages that are neither read nor meaningfully integrated into decision-making in fisheries management. Nevertheless, what all scientists, practitioners, and managers want and need is information that will lead to a better understanding of the ecosystem (comprised of interdependent ecological and human systems) and therefore to fisheries management that benefits the whole system. Based on the belief that only a combination of high-quality quantitative and qualitative data will provide both the numbers and the context needed for success in ecosystem-based management, we discuss efforts to present social and cultural information in forms that are more familiar to those who rely on models for a representation of reality in the fisheries context. We point out how the designers of these models (or how we) think the models might be applied to fisheries management, noting how each model attempts to incorporate qualitative data to depict context essential for grounding the more commonly used biological and economic models. We also assess the benefits and limitations of these models, including the constraints on their development and use.

}, isbn = {1942-5120}, author = {Flaxen D. L. Conway and Madeleine Hall-Arber and Pomeroy, Caroline} } @article {2996, title = {Coastal ecosystem-based management with nonlinear ecological functions and values.}, journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)}, volume = {319}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, pages = {321 - 3}, abstract = {

A common assumption is that ecosystem services respond linearly to changes in habitat size. This assumption leads frequently to an "all or none" choice of either preserving coastal habitats or converting them to human use. However, our survey of wave attenuation data from field studies of mangroves, salt marshes, seagrass beds, nearshore coral reefs, and sand dunes reveals that these relationships are rarely linear. By incorporating nonlinear wave attenuation in estimating coastal protection values of mangroves in Thailand, we show that the optimal land use option may instead be the integration of development and conservation consistent with ecosystem-based management goals. This result suggests that reconciling competing demands on coastal habitats should not always result in stark preservation-versus-conversion choices.

}, isbn = {0036-8075}, author = {Lori A Cramer and Barbier EB and Koch EW and Silliman BR and Hacker SD and Wolanski E and Primavera J and Granek EF and Polasky S and Aswani S and Stoms DM and Kennedy CJ and Bael D, and Kappel CV and Perillo GM and Reed DJ} } @article {3034, title = {Human impacts on regional avian diversity and abundance.}, journal = {Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology}, volume = {22}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, pages = {405 - 16}, abstract = {

Patterns of association between humans and biodiversity typically show positive, negative, or negative quadratic relationships and can be described by 3 hypotheses: biologically rich areas that support high human population densities co-occur with areas of high biodiversity (productivity); biodiversity decreases monotonically with increasing human activities (ecosystem stress); and biodiversity peaks at intermediate levels of human influence (intermediate disturbance). To test these hypotheses, we compared anthropogenic land cover and housing units, as indices of human influence, with bird species richness and abundance across the Midwestern United States. We modeled richness of native birds with 12 candidate models of land cover and housing to evaluate the empirical evidence. To assess which species were responsible for observed variation in richness, we repeated our model-selection analysis with relative abundance of each native species as the response and then asked whether natural-history traits were associated with positive, negative, or mixed responses. Native avian richness was highest where anthropogenic land cover was lowest and housing units were intermediate based on model-averaged predictions among a confidence set of candidate models. Eighty-three of 132 species showed some pattern of association with our measures of human influence. Of these species approximately 40\% were negatively associated, approximately 6\% were positively associated, and approximately 7\% showed evidence of an intermediate relationship with human influence measures. Natural-history traits were not closely related to the direction of the relationship between abundance and human influence. Nevertheless, pooling species that exhibited any relationship with human influence and comparing them with unrelated species indicated they were significantly smaller, nested closer to the ground, had shorter incubation and fledging times, and tended to be altricial. Our results support the ecosystem-stress hypothesis for the majority of individual species and for overall species diversity when focusing on anthropogenic land cover. Nevertheless, the great variability in housing units across the land-cover gradient indicates that an intermediate-disturbance relationship is also supported. Our findings suggest preemptive conservation action should be taken, whereby areas with little anthropogenic land cover are given conservation priority. Nevertheless, conservation action should not be limited to pristine landscapes because our results showed that native avian richness and the relative abundance of many species peaked at intermediate housing densities and levels of anthropogenic land cover.

}, isbn = {0888-8892}, author = {Roger B. Hammer and Lepczyk CA and Flather CH and Radeloff VC and Pidgeon AM, and Liu J} } @proceedings {2989, title = {Managing-Data Poor Fisheries by Paying Attention to Managing Relationships}, year = {2008}, month = {2010}, address = {Berkeley, CA}, author = {Flaxen D. L. Conway and C. Pomeroy and Madeleine Hall-Arber} } @article {3020, title = {The association of forest bird species richness with housing density and landscape patterns across the United States}, journal = {Ecological Applications}, volume = {17}, year = {2007}, pages = {1989-2010}, author = {Pidgeon, Anna M. and Volker C. Radeloff and Curt H. Flather and Christopher A. Lepczyk and Murray K. Clayton and Todd Jerome Hawbaker and Roger B. Hammer} } @article {3029, title = {Building patterns and landscape fragmentation in northern Wisconsin, USA}, journal = {Landscape Ecology}, volume = {22}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, pages = {217 - 230}, publisher = {Springer}, abstract = {

Housing growth is prevalent in rural areas in the United States and landscape fragmentation is one of its many effects. Since the 1930s, rural sprawl has been increasing in areas rich in recreational amenities. The question is how housing growth has affected landscape fragmentation. We thus tested three hypotheses relating land cover and land ownership to density and spatial pattern of buildings, and examined whether building density or spatial pattern of buildings was a better predictor for landscape fragmentation. Housing locations were mapped from 117 1:24,000-scale USGS topographic maps across northern Wisconsin. Patch-level landscape metrics were calculated on the terrestrial area remaining after applying 50, 100 and 250 m disturbance zones around each building. Our results showed that building density and the spatial pattern of buildings were affected mostly by lake area, public land ownership, and the abundance of coniferous forest, agricultural land, and grassland. A full 40\% of the houses were within 100 m of lakeshores. The clustering of buildings within 100 m of lakeshores limited fragmentation farther away. In contrast, agricultural and grassland areas were correlated with higher building density, higher fragmentation, and more dispersed building pattern possible legacies of agricultural settlement patterns. Understanding which factors influence building density and fragmentation is useful for landscape level planning and ecosystem management in northern Wisconsin and areas that share similar social and environmental constraints.

}, isbn = {0921-2973}, author = {Roger B. Hammer and Charlotte Gonzalez-Abraham and Radeloff, Volker and Hawbaker, Todd and Stewart, Susan and Clayton, Murray} } @article {3031, title = {Patterns of houses and habitat loss from 1937 to 1999 in northern Wisconsin, USA.}, journal = {Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America}, volume = {17}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, pages = {2011 - 23}, abstract = {

Rural America is witnessing widespread housing development, which is to the detriment of the environment. It has been suggested to cluster houses so that their disturbance zones overlap and thus cause less habitat loss than is the case for dispersed development. Clustering houses makes intuitive sense, but few empirical studies have quantified the spatial pattern of houses in real landscapes, assessed changes in their patterns over time, and quantified the resulting habitat loss. We addressed three basic questions: (1) What are the spatial patterns of houses and how do they change over time; (2) How much habitat is lost due to houses, and how is this affected by spatial pattern of houses; and (3) What type of habitat is most affected by housing development. We mapped 27 419 houses from aerial photos for five time periods in 17 townships in northern Wisconsin and calculated the terrestrial land area remaining after buffering each house using 100- and 500-m disturbance zones. The number of houses increased by 353\% between 1937 and 1999. Ripley{\textquoteright}s K test showed that houses were significantly clustered at all time periods and at all scales. Due to the clustering, the rate at which habitat was lost (176\% and 55\% for 100- and 500-m buffers, respectively) was substantially lower than housing growth rates, and most land area was undisturbed (95\% and 61\% for 100-m and 500-m buffers, respectively). Houses were strongly clustered within 100 m of lakes. Habitat loss was lowest in wetlands but reached up to 60\% in deciduous forests. Our results are encouraging in that clustered development is common in northern Wisconsin, and habitat loss is thus limited. However, the concentration of development along lakeshores causes concern, because these may be critical habitats for many species. Conservation goals can only be met if policies promote clustered development and simultaneously steer development away from sensitive ecosystems.

}, isbn = {1051-0761}, author = {Roger B. Hammer and Gonzalez-Abraham CE and Radeloff VC and Hawbaker TJ and Stewart SI and Clayton MK} } @article {3028, title = {Understanding Regional Change: A Comparison of Two Lake Districts}, journal = {American Institute of Biological Sciences BioScience}, volume = {57}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, pages = {323 - 335}, abstract = {

We compared long-term change in two lake districts, one in a forested rural setting and the other in an urbanizing agricultural region, using lakes as sentinel ecosystems. Human population growth and land-use change are important drivers of ecosystem change in both regions. Biotic changes such as habitat loss, species invasions, and poorer fishing were prevalent in the rural region, and lake hydrology and biogeochemistry responded to climate trends and landscape position. Similar biotic changes occurred in the urbanizing agricultural region, where human-caused changes in hydrology and biogeochemistry had conspicuous effects. Feedbacks among ecosystem dynamics, human uses, economics, social dynamics, and policy and practice are fundamental to understanding change in these lake districts. Sustained support for interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to build understanding of regional change.

}, isbn = {0006-3568}, author = {Roger B. Hammer and Stephen R. Carpenter and Barbara J. Benson and Reinette Biggs and Jonathan W. Chipman and Jonathan A. Foley and Shaun A. Golding and Pieter T. J. Johnson and Richard C. Lathrop and Amy M. Kamarainen and Timothy K. Kratz and Katheri McMahon} } @article {2990, title = {Perceptions of domestic animals: A national survey of producers and the public}, journal = {Philosophy and Ethics: New Research}, year = {2006}, pages = {305-318}, author = {Lori A Cramer and Davis, S.} } @article {3023, title = {Road Development, Housing Growth, And Landscape Fragmentation In Northern Wisconsin: 1937-1999}, journal = {Ecological Applications Ecological Applications}, volume = {16}, year = {2006}, month = {2006}, pages = {1222 - 1237}, isbn = {1051-0761}, author = {Roger B. Hammer and Hawbaker, Todd J. and Radeloff, Volker C. and Clayton, Murray K. and Charlotte Gonzalez-Abraham} } @inbook {3094, title = {Caribbean Migration to Canada: Mobility and Opportunity 1900-2001}, booktitle = {Beyond the Blood, The Beach and the Banana: New Perspectives in Caribbean Studies}, year = {2004}, publisher = {Ian Randal Publisher}, organization = {Ian Randal Publisher}, author = {Dwaine Plaza and Sandra Courtman} } @article {2896, title = {Multi-Dimensional Separating Equilibria and Moral Hazard: An Empirical Study of National Football League Contract Negotiations}, journal = {The Review of Economics and Statistics}, volume = {85}, year = {2003}, month = {2003///}, pages = {760 - 765}, publisher = {MIT Press}, abstract = {

This paper empirically tests for a multidimensional separating equilibrium in contract negotiations and tests for evidence of the moral hazard inherent in many contracts. Using contract and performance data on players drafted into the National Football League from 1986 through 1991, we find evidence that players use delay to agreement and incentive clauses to reveal their private information during contract negotiations. In addition, our empirical tests of the moral hazard issue indicate that a player{\textquoteright}s effort level is influenced by the structure of his contract.

}, isbn = {0034-6535}, author = {Conlin, Michaell and Patrick M. Emerson} } @inbook {2991, title = {Community infrastructure and the development of human capital: A Pacific view}, booktitle = {Change and Resilience in Fishing}, year = {2000}, pages = {57-68}, publisher = {Oregon Sea Grant Publishers}, organization = {Oregon Sea Grant Publishers}, address = {Corvallis, OR}, author = {Lori A Cramer and Susan Hanna and Madeleine Hall-Arber} } @article {2992, title = {Changing public values: Consequences for Pacific northwest forestry}, journal = {Journal of Applied Forestry}, volume = {13}, year = {1999}, pages = {28-34}, author = {Shindler, B and Lori A Cramer} } @inbook {3101, title = {Strategies and Strategizing: The Struggles for Upward Mobility Among University Educated Caribbean-Born Men in Canada}, booktitle = {Globalized Identities: New Directions in the Study of Caribbean Migration}, year = {1998}, pages = {249-266}, address = {London: Routledge}, author = {Dwaine Plaza and Mary Chamberlain} } @inbook {3068, title = {Shopping for Sociability in the Mall}, booktitle = {Research in Community Sociology: The Community of the Streets}, year = {1994}, pages = {183-199}, publisher = {JAI Press}, organization = {JAI Press}, address = {Greenwich, CT}, author = {Steven M. Ortiz and Spencer E. Cahill and Jyn H. Lofland} } @article {2997, title = {Changing Forest Service Values and Their Implications for Land Management Decisions Affecting Resource-Dependent Communities.}, journal = {Rural Sociology}, volume = {58}, year = {1993}, month = {1993}, pages = {475 - 91}, abstract = {

A nationwide survey of U.S. Forest Service employees examined values and management priorities across employment levels. Compared to agency policies, respondents gave higher priorities to noncommodity uses of national forests, such as recreation and wildlife. This disparity of opinion was greatest among new district rangers, who were more educated and more varied in background than other respondents. (SV)

}, isbn = {0036-0112}, author = {Lori A Cramer} } @inbook {2993, title = {Rural community residents{\textquoteright} views of nuclear waste siting in Nevada}, booktitle = {Public Reactions to Nuclear Waste: Citizens{\textquoteright} Views of Repository Siting}, year = {1993}, pages = {263-287}, publisher = {Duke University Press}, organization = {Duke University Press}, chapter = {10}, author = {Lori A Cramer and Krannich, R.S. and Little, R.L.} }